Modern X-ray Optics
The lecture/seminar (online every week) covers the fundamental working principles, manufacturing techniques, characterization and typical applications of modern x-ray optics.
Topics:
- Characteristics of X-ray tubes and synchrotron radiation
- Refractive index in the x-ray regime
- X-ray refractive Be lenses
- Total external reflection, plane grazing incidence mirrors
- Kirkpatrick-Baez focusing systems, Wolter telescopes, capillary optics
- Transmission gratings and zone plates in amplitude and phase
- Reflection gratings
- Concept of Rowland circle. Bragg diffraction, Bragg and Laue geometry
- curved crystals for imaging and spectroscopy (Johann, Johannson, spherical, toroidal, convex).
Application examples include
- x-ray imaging, nanofocusing and phase contrast imaging, radiography
- x-ray emission spectroscopy
- inelastic x-ray scattering (compton, Plasmon, phonon)
- x-ray small-angle x-ray scattering experiments.
Most likely, this semester the "practical lab course" will be online too. The student wil learn
how to use an x-ray ray tracing software to simulate x-ray optics her/himself.
After completing the module, the students are able to choose the appropriate optics for material analysis with x-rays. They will know their dependency on the employed x-ray source (laboratory x-ray tube or synchrotrons), they be informed about limitations of the different techniques and fundamental limitations, and what instrumentation to employ for specific applications.