Values in Science

Historically, science has been regarded as objective and independent of the personal values scientists hold (a concept known as the value-free ideal). However, this ideal has faced significant criticism, and it is now widely recognized that completely separating science from values is neither feasible nor desirable. This course will explore key challenges to the value-free ideal and examine the different ways in which values shape scientific inquiry, including case studies from various disciplines, such as climate science. Specifically, we will study how both epistemic and non-epistemic values influence scientific practice (the value-laden ideal). We will also explore the concept of objectivity in science and its relationship with value-free and value-laden ideals.

For each lesson, you will have to read an article (around 10 pages) that we will discuss together in class. The last two lessons of the course will be open to deepen specific aspects of the course and to discuss your questions and doubts.